Currency: Russian ruble (RUB, ₽)

Fiscal year: calendar year

Trade organizations: WTO, BRICS, GECF, CIS, APEC, EAEU, G-20 and others

Country group: Developing/Emerging,
upper-middle income economy

Population: 146,749,000 (2020)

GDP:
$1.71 trillion (nominal, 2021 est.)
$4.32 trillion (PPP, 2021 est.)

GDP rank:
11th (nominal, 2021)
6th (PPP, 2021)

GDP growth:
2.5% (2018) 1.3% (2019)
6.6% (2020) 4.1% (2021e)

GDP per capita:
Increase $11,654 (nominal, 2021 est.)
Increase $29,485 (PPP, 2021 est.)

GDP per capita rank:
64th (nominal, 2021)
55th (PPP, 2021)

GDP by sector:
agriculture: 4.7%
industry: 32.4%
services: 62.3%
(2017 est.)

Inflation (CPI): 3.2%(2020 est.)

Population below poverty line
12.9% (2018)
2.2% on less than $5.50/day (2020f)

Gini coefficient: 37.5 medium (2018, World Bank)

Human Development Index: 0.824 very high

Labor force: 73,023,442

employment rate: 59.8%

Labor force by occupation:
agriculture: 9.4%
industry: 27.6%
services: 63%

Unemployment: 5.6% (2020 est.)

Average gross salary:
RUB 46,057 / €497 / $584 monthly (September 2019)

Average net salary:
RUB 40,070 / €433 / $509 monthly (September 2019)

Main industries:
Petroleum

Ease-of-doing-business rank:
28th (very easy, 2020)

Exports: $551 billion (2019 est.)

Export goods: Petroleum and petroleum products, natural gas, metals, wood and wood products, chemicals, and a wide variety of civilian and military manufactures

Main export partners:
European UnionIncrease 45.8%
China 9.8%
Belarus 4.9%
Turkey 4.8%
South Korea 3.5%
India 2.1%
Other 29.0%

Imports $366 billion (2019 est.)

Import goods: Machinery, vehicles, pharmaceutical products, plastic, semi-finished metal products, meat, fruits and nuts, optical and medical instruments, iron, steel

Main import partners:
European UnionIncrease 38.2%
ChinaDecrease 20.9%
United StatesIncrease 6.1%
BelarusIncrease 5.2%
JapanIncrease 3.7%
Other 26.3%

FDI stock $535.2 billion (31 December 2017 est.)
Abroad: $470.9 billion (31 December 2017 est.)
Current account; $35.44 billion (2017 est.)
Gross external debt: $539.6 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

Public debt: 10.6% of GDP (2017)

Budget balance: −1.4% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Revenues: 258.6 billion (2017 est.)

Expenses: 281.4 billion (2017 est.)

Credit rating: Standard & Poor's:
BB+ (Domestic)
BBB- (Foreign)
BB+ (T&C Assessment)
Outlook: Positive
Moody's: Ba1
Outlook: Stable
Fitch: BBB-
Outlook: Positive
Scope: BBB+
Outlook: Stable

Foreign reserves: $592.4 billion (25 June 2021) (5th)